Corporate, Commercial and Contract Law: Articles

Dissolution of a limited liability company for just cause is a last resort. Instead of dissolution, the court may order the claimant shareholder to be bought out at real value, or another workable solution.

In a limited liability company, share transfer, withdrawal, removal and exit payment are not the same institution. This guide examines the correct route of action, proof, the current mediation risk and the calculation of real value.

Choosing between a limited liability company and a joint-stock company involves far more than the amount of capital. This guide compares the two structures in terms of liability, management, tax, investment and share transfer.

Explains the equal treatment principle in joint-stock companies and the means by which a minority shareholder is protected against selective disclosure, non-distribution of profit, dilution and majority pressure.

Dissolution for just cause in a joint-stock company is an exceptional route protecting the minority against majority pressure. The court first considers a real-value payment or other solutions that keep the company alive.

A comprehensive guide to the call to meeting, quorum, written resolutions, authority, non-existence and the grounds of nullity under TCC Art. 391 in board of directors resolutions, with the action and injunction dimension.

20 important mistakes to review before a company is set up, and the legal, financial and managerial methods of preventing them.

Cooperative membership, a land share and ownership of a flat are different rights. A practical guide explaining how to examine membership, title, debt, the project and the 2026 phased-construction rule before buying.

A guide that separates access to financial reports from the right to inspect commercial books, and explains KOOPBİS, written applications, audit, personal data and litigation options with a concrete example.

A review of how a person whose membership was not accepted or registered can establish their right through application, acceptance, payment and transfer records, together with jurisdiction, venue, time limits and procedural conditions.

Separating the debt, allocation, third-party and statutory obstacles to transfer of title; the court, parties, evidence and compensation options in a registration action arising from membership.

By what criteria are differences in floor, facade and location reflected in the price? A comprehensive guide explaining the distinction between şerefiye and additional dues, review of the technical report, a sample distribution calculation, and why an internal cooperative objection is separate from the time limit for suit.

A guide that runs from the delivery date and the position of comparable members to the calculation of rent loss. The five-year limitation approach of the Civil General Assembly (HGK) and the 2026 procedural change are explained together.

A guide that separates the cooperative's external debt, the member's dues debt and the attachment or mortgage burden on real property, and explains personal liability, the attachment notice and the land registry review.

A main guide explaining the differences between membership, share, allocation and title in housing cooperatives; the duties of the bodies, members' rights and the 2026 rule on transfer of title.

Can a unit drawn in the lottery be changed by a management decision? The difference between allocation and title, leaving members out of the lottery, mutual exchange of units, double allocation and the 2026 restriction on phased projects are covered with concrete examples and decisions.

A general assembly majority does not by itself make an unlawful resolution valid. The one-month annulment period, the dissent record at the meeting, the right of absent members to sue and ways to stop a resolution from being implemented are reviewed on the basis of the law and a current Court of Cassation decision.

License, tourism certificate, the 2026 transfer ban, past debts and contract terms in the transfer and lease of a tourism facility.

Company formation, the tourism operation certificate, flag, cabotage, personnel and insurance in commercial yacht operation.

Withdrawal action in a limited liability company: just causes, evidence, jurisdiction and venue, interim measures and the joining period.