Corporate, Commercial and Contract Law: Articles

A foreign partner's managerial or management role, capital and share requirements, the five Turkish employee criterion, exemption and the application file.

Standards for working on commercial disputes, from the review of facts and documents to claims, defenses, interim protection and enforcement after judgment.

How should companies review party and representation, delivery and acceptance, payment and security, liability and exit provisions in customer and supplier contracts? Preparing before signing with a concrete supply example and six decision questions.

How should a working arrangement with a company lawyer be set up? The client’s identity, initial documents, review of decisions and contracts, tracking of risks, reporting and the scope of fees are explained with concrete tools.

Assessing the contract, delivery, objection, commercial book, e-invoice, return and payment records in an invoice claim together, from the standpoint of both creditor and debtor.

The employer's duty to prevent mobbing: TBK Article 417, Circular No. 2025/3, impartial internal investigation, confidentiality and legal liability.

ETDS, e-Defter, e-Invoice and e-Notification are not the same system. This guide explains the 2026 electronic record obligations of newly established joint-stock and limited liability companies.

Explains a departing shareholder's liability for non-competition, non-solicitation of customers, confidentiality, trade secrets, personal data and unfair competition, together with contract provisions.

Examines how a veto right is built in limited liability and joint-stock companies, through reserved matters, aggravated quorums, privileges, powers of corporate bodies and deadlock mechanisms.

A comprehensive guide to the risks of authorization, conflict of interest, arm's length price, tax and damages when a shareholder or manager deals with the company or through related persons.

A guide explaining how risks in a company acquisition agreement are allocated through representations and warranties, specific indemnities, the price mechanism, conditions precedent and closing documents.

Explains when a shareholder must pay when the company needs money, distinguishing a capital increase, an additional contribution obligation and a voluntary shareholder loan.

A guide comparing the legal, tax and social security consequences of payments made to a shareholder for services in the company, for a management role and for shareholding.

A company account is not a shareholder's personal account. This guide explains the legal grounds on which money may be transferred from a company to a shareholder and the tax risks that may arise.

A guide to permission to call a meeting, trustees for representation and management, remedying the deficiency, and dissolution when a company has no manager or board of directors.

Unfair competition, company-law liability, injunctions and evidence options where a customer base, quotations and company information are moved to another business.

Registration with the trade registry is not permission to start operating. This guide explains how to check the NACE code, business purpose, workplace address and chain of special permits before setting up a company.

A company's articles of association are more than a registration document. This guide explains the mandatory and strategic provisions of the articles of a joint-stock company and of a limited liability company.

A guide to determination of share ownership, correction of the share ledger, and voting and dividend rights where the company fails to register a share transfer or an inheritance.

How to regulate, validly and enforceably, the non-competition, confidentiality and customer and employee non-solicitation obligations of a person who transfers shares or leaves the company.