Banking and Finance

We review commercial loans, business and investment financing and general loan agreements, and assess interest, commissions, early repayment, default and acceleration provisions case by case. Drawdown conditions, financial covenants and the consequences of breach are carried into the negotiation process.

Loan payoff statements, early repayment costs and documents confirming that the debt has ended are also reviewed.

In real estate mortgages, pledges over movables and shares, assignments of receivables, suretyship and guarantee arrangements, we review scope, form, authority and limits of liability. We provide legal support for establishing, amending and realizing security, and for releasing it once the debt has ended.

Once the debt is repaid, the removal of mortgages and pledges and the end conditions of suretyships and guarantees are followed separately. The personal security of company partners and managers is subject to a liability review separate from the company’s own debt.

In the financing of investments in tourism, real estate, energy and industry, and of company acquisitions, we address the legal review, the financing documents and the closing conditions together. The security package, the partners’ obligations and the relationships among lenders are structured according to the transaction.

We provide legal support in rearranging maturity, payment plans, security and contract terms, and in refinancing, debt settlement and settlement protocols. We assess the effect of restructuring on existing suretyships, guarantees and enforcement proceedings, and evaluate case by case whether composition with creditors (konkordato) or other judicial routes are suitable.

For cross-border loans, letters of credit, letters of guarantee and counter-guarantee transactions, we review the documents and the responsibilities of the parties. Governing law, competent court or arbitration, payment terms and the validity in Türkiye of security are assessed together; where necessary, we coordinate with foreign legal advisers.

The issuance of letters of guarantee, extensions of term, claims for payment, their return and counter-guarantee relationships are handled within the framework of the letter’s text and the applicable rules.

For payment and electronic money institutions, and for businesses that use their services, we assess framework agreements, merchant relationships, payment flows, holds, refunds and transaction objections. The scope of the institution’s permit and the legal nature of its business model are reviewed in relation to the service offered.

Rights and obligations under POS and virtual POS agreements, chargebacks, merchant holds and the transfer of collections to the business are also reviewed separately.

We review remote customer onboarding, open banking, outsourcing, cloud and software agreements, and the allocation of responsibility in digital channels. In contracts, we clarify the data, access, service continuity and exit terms among the technology provider, the financial institution and the user.

In disputes over account opening or closing, transfers, EFT and international transfers, we review the transaction records. We determine whether a block arises from a bank procedure, a contract, an administrative act or a court decision, and assess the appropriate application and objection route.

For clients abroad, correspondence with the bank, document completion and follow-up of account or transfer disputes may be carried out within the scope of the authority granted. The bank’s identity verification and in-person transaction requirements are assessed separately.

We review the rights and obligations of the parties under financial leasing, factoring, financing and savings finance agreements. In disputes over delivery of goods, assignment of receivables, collection, termination, return and security, we take into account the specific regulations that govern the transaction.

We provide ongoing legal support on management and representation authority, signing rules, internal directives, board resolutions and contract processes. For financial institutions, we assess the permit and notification aspects of transactions such as establishment, share transfers or changes in management, and support the legal follow-up of audit findings.

The company’s borrowing decisions and the signing and representation authority of partners and managers are reviewed; the scope of personal security and its separation from corporate liability are clarified.

We review the legal dimension of customer identification, transaction documents, source-of-funds declarations and the related financial compliance obligations. For customer confidentiality, KVKK, data sharing and cross-border transfers, we provide contract and procedural support suited to the type of activity; legal review does not replace an independent financial or technical audit.

In claims of unauthorized card spending, account access and money transfers, we review together the time of the transaction, the notification records and the bank’s response. We coordinate objections to the bank, the preservation of evidence, damage claims and, where necessary, criminal complaints; liability and the possibility of a refund depend on the evidence in the specific case.

In disputes over personal loans, credit cards, fees, commissions and related products, we review the contract and the account activity. Application to the bank, the relevant customer arbitration committee, consumer complaint routes and litigation options are each assessed in light of the nature of the transaction, subject-matter jurisdiction, amount and time limits.

We review legal disputes arising from investment services agreements, the execution of instructions, and information, suitability and custody relationships. We provide support on the contractual dimension of debt instruments and other financial transactions. Our service is legal advisory: investment product recommendations and portfolio management are not offered.

We provide representation in claims for receivables, negative declaratory actions, recovery of payment (istirdat) and damages, and in the realization of security. We determine enforcement proceedings, objections, interim legal protection and alternative dispute resolution routes according to the circumstances of the file. Whether mediation or arbitration applies is assessed separately in each dispute.